Sources & Methodology

We prefer primary manufacturer datasheets and technical handbooks from Panasonic Energy, Murata, Energizer, and Maxell. Device manuals support application-specific fit. A retail code is treated as an alias only when chemistry, nominal voltage, and dimensions agree with a primary source.

What is verified

1. Normalize the printed model and brand prefix.
2. Match diameter, height, or cylindrical dimensions.
3. Check chemistry and nominal voltage.
4. Record capacity together with the maker’s load, temperature, and cutoff conditions.
5. Classify replacements as exact, compatible, conditional, or unsafe.
6. Check charging, polarity, ingestion, and device-specific warnings.

How citations are displayed

Core pages list the source title, publisher, document version or publication date when available, link, and the fields the source supports. A general handbook may support a family of models; a model-specific sheet takes priority when the two differ.

Limits

Capacity is a typical value rather than a promise. Temperature, load, cutoff voltage, storage history, and product revision change service life. Compatibility means the documented electrical and physical requirements agree; the device manual remains controlling.

Review changes follow the Editorial Policy and material corrections are recorded under the Corrections Policy.